Hazard Overview

Health hazards: Low concentrations of ammonia have a stimulating effect on mucous membranes, while high concentrations can cause tissue dissolution and necrosis. Acute poisoning: Mild cases may experience tearing, sore throat, hoarseness, coughing, expectoration, etc; Congestion and edema of the conjunctiva, nasal mucosa, and pharynx; The chest X-ray signs are consistent with bronchitis or peribronchial inflammation. Moderate poisoning exacerbates the above symptoms, resulting in difficulty breathing and cyanosis; The chest X-ray signs are consistent with pneumonia or interstitial pneumonia. In severe cases, toxic pulmonary edema or respiratory distress syndrome may occur. The patient may cough violently, cough up a lot of pink foam sputum, respiratory distress, delirium, coma, shock, etc. Throat edema or bronchial mucosal necrosis, shedding, and suffocation may occur. High concentrations of ammonia can cause reflexive respiratory arrest. Liquid ammonia or high concentration ammonia can cause eye burns; Liquid ammonia can cause skin burns

Environmental hazards: serious harm to the environment, can cause pollution to water bodies, soil, and atmosphere

Explosive hazard: This product is flammable, toxic, and irritating

Emergency measures

Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and thoroughly rinse with 2% boric acid solution or plenty of water. Seek medical attention

Eye contact: Immediately lift the eyelids and thoroughly rinse with plenty of flowing water or saline solution for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention

Inhalation: Quickly leave the scene and move to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing stops, immediately perform artificial respiration. Seek medical attention

Fire protection measures

Hazardous characteristics: Can form explosive mixtures when mixed with air. Exposure to open flames and high heat can cause combustion and explosion. Contact with fluorine, chlorine, and other substances can cause violent chemical reactions. If exposed to high heat, the pressure inside the container increases, posing a risk of cracking and explosion

Fire extinguishing method: Firefighters must wear full body fire and gas protective clothing and extinguish the fire in the upwind direction. Cut off the gas source. If the gas source cannot be cut off, it is not allowed to extinguish the flame at the leakage point. Spray water to cool the container, and if possible, move the container from the fire scene to an open area. Extinguishing agent: foggy water, insoluble foam, carbon dioxide, sand

Emergency response to leakage

Quickly evacuate personnel from the contaminated area to a upwind location and immediately isolate them for 150 meters, strictly limiting their entry and exit. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and anti-static work clothes. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Reasonable ventilation to accelerate diffusion. Spray mist water containing hydrochloric acid into the high concentration leakage area for dilution and dissolution. Constructing embankments or digging pits to contain large amounts of wastewater generated. If possible, use an exhaust fan to send residual or leaked gas to the water washing tower or a fume hood connected to the tower. It is recommended to install dilute acid spraying facilities in the storage tank area. Leakage containers should be properly handled, repaired, and inspected before use

Emergency response to leakage

Quickly evacuate personnel from the contaminated area to a upwind location and immediately isolate them for 150 meters, strictly limiting their entry and exit. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and anti-static work clothes. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Reasonable ventilation to accelerate diffusion. Spray mist water containing hydrochloric acid into the high concentration leakage area for dilution and dissolution. Constructing embankments or digging pits to contain large amounts of wastewater generated. If possible, use an exhaust fan to send residual or leaked gas to the water washing tower or a fume hood connected to the tower. It is recommended to install dilute acid spraying facilities in the storage tank area. Leakage containers should be properly handled, repaired, and inspected before use

Contact control and individual protection

China MAC (mg/m3): 30 Former Soviet MAC (mg/m3): 20

Engineering control: Strictly seal, provide sufficient local exhaust and comprehensive ventilation. Provide safety shower and eye wash equipment

Respiratory protection: When the concentration in the air exceeds the standard, it is recommended to wear a filtered gas mask (half face mask). During emergency rescue or evacuation, it is necessary to wear an air respirator

Eye protection: Wear chemical safety goggles

Body protection: Wear anti-static work clothes Hand protection: Wear rubber gloves

Other protections: Smoking, eating, and drinking are prohibited at the work site. After work, take a shower and change clothes. Maintain good hygiene habits

Physical and chemical properties

Content: Pure Appearance and Characteristics: Colorless, pungent and odorous gas Solubility: Easy to dissolve in water, ethanol, ether

Melting point (℃): -77.7 Boiling point (℃): -33.5 Flash point (℃): meaningless Saturated vapor pressure (kPa): 506.62 (4.7 ℃)

Relative density (water=1): 0.82 (-79 ℃) Relative vapor density (air=1): 0.6 Explosion limit% (V/V): 15.7-27.4

Combustion heat (kJ/mol): no data critical temperature (℃): 132.5 critical pressure (MPa): 114.0 ignition temperature (℃): 651

Main use: Used as a refrigerant and for producing ammonium salts and nitrogen fertilizers

Prohibited compounds: halogens, acyl chlorides, acids, chloroform, strong oxidants

Toxicological data

LD50: 350 mg/kg (oral administration in rats) LC50: 1390mg/m3, 4 hours (inhalation in rats)

Technical requirements for packaging, storage, and transportation

Packaging method: Steel gas cylinder

Storage precautions: Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Stay away from sources of fire and heat. The storage temperature should not exceed 30 ℃. It should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, halogens, and edible chemicals, and avoid mixing storage. Adopt explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. Prohibit the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks. The storage area should be equipped with emergency response equipment for leaks

Transportation precautions: This product is transported by railway using pressure resistant liquefied gas tank trucks provided by the enterprise. Approval from relevant departments is required before shipment. When transporting with steel cylinders, it is necessary to wear the safety helmet on the cylinder. Steel cylinders are generally placed flat and should have their mouths facing in the same direction, without crossing; The height should not exceed the protective fence of the vehicle, and it should be securely fastened with triangular wooden pads to prevent rolling. Transport vehicles should be equipped with corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment during transportation. The exhaust pipe of the vehicle carrying the item must be equipped with a flame retardant device, and the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks for loading and unloading is prohibited. It is strictly prohibited to mix and transport with oxidants, acids, halogens, edible chemicals, etc. Transport in the morning and evening during summer to prevent exposure to sunlight. When stopping midway, one should stay away from sources of fire and heat. During road transportation, it is necessary to follow the prescribed route and it is prohibited to stay in residential areas and densely populated areas. It is prohibited to slip during railway transportation