Benzoyl chloride brief introduction

Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl), also known as benzoyl chloride, is a colorless smoky liquid with a pungent odor. In the laboratory, it can be obtained by distilling benzoic acid and phosphorus pentachloride under anhydrous conditions. The large-scale preparation of benzoyl chloride can be achieved by using thionyl chloride and benzaldehyde chloride. The melting and boiling points of benzoyl chloride are -1 ℃ and 198 ℃, respectively, with a density of 1.212. It belongs to a type of acyl chloride. Benzoyl chloride is an important intermediate for the preparation of dyes, fragrances, organic peroxides, pharmaceuticals, and resins. Benzoyl chloride has also been used in photography and the production of artificial tannic acid, and has been used as an irritant gas in chemical warfare.

Benzoyl chloride Basic information

Benzoyl chloride Numbering system

Benzoyl chloride Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance and characteristics:

colorless liquid 

Density:

1.211 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

198 °C(lit.)

Melting point:

-1 °C

Freezing point:

-1℃

Flash point:

156 °F

Refractive index:

n20/D 1.553(lit.)

Water solubility:

reacts

Stability:

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water, alcohols, strong bases. Reacts violently with DMSO and vigorously with alkalies.

Storage conditions:

The warehouse is ventilated, low-temperature and dry, and stored separately from oxidants, H-pore forming agents, and cyanides

Steam density:

4.88 (vs air)

Steam pressure:

1 mm Hg ( 32 °C)

security information

• RTECS：

• DM6600000

Safety instructions:

S26-S45-S36/37/39

Hazard category code:

R34

WGK Germany：

one

Customs code:

two billion nine hundred and sixteen million three hundred and twenty thousand

Dangerous goods transportation code:

UN 1736 8/PG 2

Hazard category:

eight

Packaging grade:

II

Dangerous goods signs:

C

Hazard description:

H302 + H312 + H332; H314; H317

Danger signs:

GHS05, GHS07

Signal words:

Danger

Hazard prevention instructions:

P280; P305 + P351 + P338; P310

Production method and purpose

Production method

There are several preparation methods for it.

(1) The phosgene method heats and melts benzoic acid, introduces phosgene at 140-150 ℃, and reaches the endpoint after a certain amount is introduced. Nitrogen is used to drive the phosgene, and the tail gas is absorbed and destroyed. Finally, the product is obtained by vacuum distillation.

(2) The phosphorus trichloride method involves dissolving benzoic acid in solvents such as toluene, adding phosphorus trichloride dropwise, and reacting for several hours. The toluene is then distilled off, and the final product is distilled off.

(3) The trichloromethylbenzene method involves side chain chlorination of toluene, followed by hydrolysis to obtain the product.

(4) Toluene and chlorine undergo side chain chlorination reaction under illumination to obtain trichlorotoluene, which is then hydrolyzed in an acidic medium. Or it is obtained by reacting benzoic acid with light. It can also be obtained by reacting benzoic acid with silicon tetrachloride.

(5) Use silicon tetrachloride, acylate benzoic acid, and then refine by distillation.

use to

Benzoyl chloride is used as an organic synthesis, dye, and pharmaceutical raw material to produce initiators such as benzoyl peroxide, tert butyl peroxybenzoate, pesticides, herbicides, etc. In terms of pesticides, the new inducible insecticide is the intermediate of Isoxathion (Karphos). Benzoyl chloride is an important reagent for benzoyl and benzylation. Most benzoyl chloride is used to produce benzoyl peroxide, followed by important chemical raw materials such as benzophenone, benzyl benzoate, benzyl cellulose, and benzamide. Benzoyl peroxide is used as a polymerization initiator for plastic monomers, a catalyst for the production of polyester, epoxy, and acrylic resins, a self setting agent for glass fiber materials, a crosslinking agent for silicone fluororubber, oil refining, flour bleaching, fiber decolorization, etc.