Hazard Overview

Health hazards: Acute poisoning: mainly includes eye and upper respiratory tract irritation symptoms, headache, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. Liver damage usually occurs several days after poisoning, with liver enlargement, pain in the liver area, and possible jaundice. Those who have absorbed the poison through the skin may experience blisters, edema, roughness, local numbness, itching, and burning pain. Chronic effects: Skin and mucosal irritation, neurasthenia syndrome, and low blood pressure. There are also nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, loss of appetite, stomach pain, constipation, and changes in liver size and function.

Explosive hazard: This product is flammable and irritating.

Emergency measures

Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Eye contact: Immediately lift the eyelids and thoroughly rinse with plenty of flowing water or saline solution for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Quickly leave the scene and move to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing stops, immediately perform artificial respiration. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Drink plenty of warm water and induce vomiting. Seek medical attention.

Fire protection measures

Hazardous characteristics: Flammable, with the risk of combustion and explosion when exposed to open flames, high heat, or contact with oxidants. It can react violently with concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming nitric acid, and even explode. Strong reactions can occur with halides such as carbon tetrachloride.

Harmful combustion products: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides. 

Fire extinguishing method: Move the container from the fire scene to an open area as much as possible. Spray water to keep the fire container cool until the fire is extinguished. Extinguishing agent: foggy water, insoluble foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand.

Emergency response to leakage

Quickly evacuate personnel from the contaminated area to a safe zone, isolate them, and strictly restrict their entry and exit. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency responders wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and chemical protective clothing. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Prevent the flow into restricted spaces such as sewers and drainage ditches. Minor leakage: Absorb or absorb with sand or other non combustible materials. You can also rinse with a large amount of water, dilute the washing water, and put it into the wastewater system. Massive leakage: Construct embankments or dig pits to contain it. Cover with foam to reduce steam disaster. Transfer to a tanker or dedicated collector using an explosion-proof pump, and recycle or transport to a waste disposal site for disposal.

Handling and Storage

Precautions for operation: Closed operation, comprehensive ventilation. Operators must undergo specialized training and strictly adhere to operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear filter type gas masks (half face masks), chemical safety goggles, chemical protective clothing, and rubber gloves. Keep away from sources of fire and heat, and smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace. Use explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment. Prevent steam leakage into the workplace air. Avoid contact with oxidants, reducing agents, and halogens. Charging should control the flow rate to prevent static electricity accumulation. Handle with care during transportation to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Equip with corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and emergency response equipment for leaks. Empty containers may contain residual harmful substances.

Storage precautions: Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Stay away from sources of fire and heat. Keep the container sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidants, reducing agents, halogens, etc., and avoid mixing storage. Adopt explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. Prohibit the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks. The storage area should be equipped with emergency response equipment for leaks and suitable containment materials.

Contact control and individual protection

Exposure limit: China: 10 [Pi] Former Soviet Union: No standard established

Engineering control: The production process is sealed and fully ventilated. Provide safety shower and eye wash equipment.

Respiratory protection: When the concentration in the air exceeds the standard, wear a filtered gas mask (half face mask).

Wear chemical safety goggles for eye protection. Body protection: Wear chemical protective clothing. Hand protection: Wear rubber gloves. Other protections: Smoking is strictly prohibited at the work site. After work, take a shower and change clothes.

Physical and chemical properties

Main ingredients: Pure product. Appearance and characteristics: Colorless liquid, with a faint special odor. Solubility: miscible with water and soluble in most organic solvents.

Melting point (℃): -61 Boiling point (℃): 152.8 Flash point (℃): 58 Saturated vapor pressure (kPa): 3.46 (60 ℃) Combustion heat (kJ/mol): 1915 Ignition temperature (℃): 445 Critical temperature (℃): 374 Critical pressure (MPa): 4.48 Relative density (water=1): 0.94 Relative vapor density (air=1): 2.51 Explosion limit% (V/V): 2.2-15.2

Main uses: Mainly used as an industrial solvent, in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of vitamins and hormones, and also for the manufacture of imidacloprid

Stability and reactivity

Prohibited substances: Strong oxidizing agents, acyl chlorides, chloroform, strong reducing agents, halogens, chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Toxicological data

LD50: 4000 mg/kg (oral administration in rats); 4720 mg/kg (rabbit transdermal) LC50: 9400mg/m3, 2 hours (mouse inhalation)

Transportation information

Packaging method: Ordinary wooden box outside the ampoule bottle; Screw mouth glass bottles, iron cap pressed mouth glass bottles, plastic bottles, or ordinary wooden boxes outside metal drums (cans).

Transportation precautions: During transportation, the transport vehicle should be equipped with corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and emergency response equipment for leaks. It is best to transport in the morning and evening during summer. The tank truck used for transportation should have a grounding chain, and a perforated partition can be installed inside the tank to reduce static electricity generated by vibration. It is strictly prohibited to mix and transport with oxidants, reducing agents, halogens, edible chemicals, etc. During transportation, it should be protected from direct sunlight, rain, and high temperatures. When stopping midway, one should stay away from sources of fire, heat, and high temperature areas. The exhaust pipe of the vehicle carrying the item must be equipped with a flame retardant device, and the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks for loading and unloading is prohibited. When transporting by road, follow the prescribed route and do not stay in residential or densely populated areas. It is prohibited to slip during railway transportation. It is strictly prohibited to use wooden boats or cement boats for bulk transportation.